(2009)تاريخ الأدب.....الأسبوع رقم12

Wissam · **مرسل:** الجمعة أكتوبر 09, 2009 6:48 pm

[align=center]المحاضرة الأولى[/align]

مدرسا المقرر: الدكتور محمد حلمي الأحمد + المعيدة شذى
اسم الكتاب : The Penguin Guide to Literature in English
كانت المحاضرة عبارة عم مقدمة تحدث المدرسان فيها عن ماهية المقرر.
أهم النقاط التي وردت في المحاضرة:
[english]- The course book is very interesting and easy to be understood but it needs memorization.
- Every lecture will be divided into two periods.
- The course book is divided into two sections:
Different eras: Historical events – Literary events.
- Dates are very important as well as memorization.
* English history:
- Old English: How the English Anglo-Saxons invaded England (477-1066)
It is the time of Beowulf
Middle English: Norman invasion (1066-1485)-
It is the time where Choicer started writing (1340)
- Modern English: (1485- present time)[/english]
بانتظار أن نبدأ بالمنهاج ابتداء من الأسبوع القادم إن شاء الله......بالتوفيق

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nano · **مرسل:** الجمعة أكتوبر 09, 2009 7:26 pm

ويساموووو يسلمن

nano · **مرسل:** الجمعة أكتوبر 09, 2009 7:39 pm

وساموو بس بدي إسألك حكى شي الدكتور اذا الأسئلة أتمتة أو لاء؟؟؟؟

Wissam · **مرسل:** الجمعة أكتوبر 09, 2009 7:51 pm

nano,
يا هلا
لا والله ما جاب سيرة لسا
لاحقين

حلواني · **مرسل:** الجمعة أكتوبر 09, 2009 9:10 pm

شكراً كتيير
بصراحة والله نحن لسا ما بلشنا

Wissam · **مرسل:** الجمعة أكتوبر 16, 2009 6:02 pm

[align=center]الأسبوع الثاني[/align]

في هذه المحاضرة أكملنا ما بدأناه في المحاضرة السابقة.....وهذا أهم ما ورد في المحاضرة:
[english]- When we talk about history of English literature many people ask: how can we differentiate between the different eras of English literature, because it's always the same themes every time and everywhere!! Then, where are the differences?
- Each piece of literature is different because of different factors:
1- The time in which it was written.
2- The place in which it was written.
3- The person who wrote it: Each author has his own way of writing and this is what we call the subjective way of writing.
4- The different readers: the personal knowledge and experience do affect reading the text.[/color]

* Old English literature: 410-1066
This period of time was called the Anglo-Saxon times. It was also known as: EARLY MEDIEVAL PERIOD.
Note: in 410 the Romans left Britain.
- After that it was a time of wars and invasions. Many people invaded England such as:
Angels – Saxons – Jutes – Vikings – Normans.
Notice that when the first two invaders met, they formed the Anglo-Saxon invasion.
- Of course these invasions had many effects on many fields of life such as:
1- The form of towns and castles.
2- The culture language.
*What is the language of the first literature?
The old language was spoken and it took a long time till it was written down, so the first stories and poems were spoken or told orally.
- During the Anglo-Saxons time between 410-1066 there were two cultures:
1- The Christian culture which arrived in England in 597.
2- The heroic culture where leaders and heroes defended their lands against invaders

* Year 1066:
We can say that this year is considered to be the end of the Anglo-Saxons period, so what happened in this year?
- The Norman Conquest began in the late MEDIEVAL period.
It was the last successful invasion in Britain with the following consequences and influences on English language or culture.
1- The Normans took power.
2- William, the conqueror, became king of England.
3- Peace was not the inevitable result even tried by William.
4- The French influences were brought with the Normans, so:
5- The French language started to mix with the old English language to produce a more modern language.
6- Scandinavian influences were also strong.
7- Latin was still the language of the church

* A list of historical dates and events:
•1016-1042: Danish invaders ruled England.
•1189: King Richard I came to the throne.
•1204-1215: King John lost and then resigned a lot of political power in England.
•1210: England began colonization of Ireland
•1265: The first parliament was founded.
•1282: Wales united with England.
- At that time Scotland was the main enemy for 30 years and many wars were fought in the 14th and 15th centuries:
•1314: Scotland defeated England.
•1362: English became the language off national law.
•1415: English became the language of the court (instead of French) by King Henry V.
•1338-1453: The hundred years war against France.
•Till 1558: Parts of France remained British.
* The end results:
Main historical events during the old and Middle periods:
- Aristocrats were given more power and property rights than the king through the Monga Carta of 1215.
- London became the capital of the country.
- The local southern dialect of English became the main spoken form of English.
- Trade with Europe became important.
- As trade between nations replaced war, a new class of traders grew up.[/english]

وقد أكمل بعدها الدكتور محمد حلمي الأحمد شرح هذه الأحداث التاريخية....مع أهمية التركيز على حفظ الأزمنة والتاريخ لكل حقبة......بانتظار محاضرة الأسبوع القادم

بالتوفييييييييييق

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Wissam · **مرسل:** الجمعة أكتوبر 23, 2009 6:26 pm

[align=center]الأسبوع الثالث[/align]

محاضرة هذا الأسبوع كانت كما الأسبوع الماضي.....بدأنا المحاضرة بدراسة عن (Renaissance period) وهذا ما جاء فيها:

[english]- This lecture is going to be about the renaissance period.
* Renaissance period (1485-1649):
This period means rebirth, that is, everything was reborn during this period. It began in Italy in art and architecture at the end of the 15th century.
- From 1500-1600: the world was reborn in many ways:
- The renaissance was worldwide:
1- In the late of the 16th century, England became the most powerful nation in Europe.
2- New worlds were discovered and new ways of seeing things and thinking were known.[/english]
[align=center]England[/align][/color]
[english]* Concerning religion and politics:
- In 1500: Erasmus (A Dutch philosopher and religious reformer) published his views on humanism; talking about the relationship with God. This humanist concern was the basis of most renaissance thought.
- 1529-1539: King Henry VIII was the head of the church of England and in 1521 he was given the title: Defender of the Faith. He cut all contacts of the catholic church.
- 1534: Henry VIII founded a new protestant church and Protestantism became more important.
- 1588-1608: The Golden Age:
1- Queen Elizabeth, Henry VIII's daughter became the symbol of the golden age.
2- A period of stability, as the enemies were defeated.
3- The English people controlled the seas of the world.
* The characteristics of the renaissance:
It was the beginning of the new modern world in:
Geography – Society – Science – Politics – Art – Religion.
* England and English language:
- English capitalist economy grew very quickly with overseas trading interests.
- London was the capital of England and the main city in the known world.
- English became the modern language.
- New forms of writing were developed, the most important of which was the theatre (the age of Shakespeare, golden age of Drama).
* Some important discoveries in the renaissance:
- 1492: The Italian Christopher Columbus discovered the American continent.
- Discoveries about the stars and planets were made.
- Ferdinand Magellan sailed all around the world.
- 1576: Opening the first theatre: The Theatre.
- 1584: Virginia was set up the first English colony in America.
- 1588: The Spanish navy, sailing against England, was defeated.
- 1592- 1594: London theatres closed because of plague.
- 1594: Foundation of The Bank of England.
- 1600-1858: England's foreign trade continued to spread.
-1858: England colonized India.
-1603: James VI of Scotland became king of England.
- 1605: Catholics attempted to destroy the parliament buildings.
- 1611: Authorized Version of Bible appeared.
- 1620: Protestants, the Pilgrim Fathers, left for America.
- 1629: King Charles I ended the power of the parliament and ruled the country alone.
- 1642-1648 (Civil war): Parliamentarians defeated Royalists.
- 1649: the King was executed.
- 1649-1660: Britain was a republic.[/english]

بعد انتهاء هذا القسم......بدأ الدكتور حلمي القسم الثاني بالحديث عن وليم شكسبي وكتاباته.....ثم تحدث عن أحد أهمم مسرحياته (هاملت) .....بعدها تطرق للحديث عن تطور الكتابة وصناعة الكتب عبر عصور التاريخ ووختم المحاضرة بلمحة عن مسرحيات شكبير وتصنيفها حسب التاريخ الزمني لكل مسرحية.

بانتظار محاضرة الأسبوع القادم......بالتوفيق

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زينة · **مرسل:** الأربعاء أكتوبر 28, 2009 4:52 pm

شكرا" كتير وبنتظار كل جديد

زينة · **مرسل:** الأربعاء أكتوبر 28, 2009 4:57 pm

بس في سؤال انو المحاضرات الي ذاكرينا هي شرح الدكتور حلمي بس ولا كمان شرح المعيدة شذى وشكرا كتير

Wissam · **اشترك في:** السبت يناير 19, 2008 3:01 pm

اقتباس:

بس في سؤال انو المحاضرات الي ذاكرينا هي شرح الدكتور حلمي بس ولا كمان شرح المعيدة شذى وشكرا كتير

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