السلام عليكم
الموضوع عبارة عن بعض المحاضرات اللي راح تاخدوهن بهاد الفصل و ان شاء الله تستفيدو منو
[english]Let us begin : Lesson (1)
Chapter ( 5 ) The Meaning of Language
How to learn language ?
Knowing a language is knowing how to produce and understand sentenses with particular meanings . To understand language we need to know the meaning of words and the morphemes* that compose them . We also must know how the meanings of words combine into phrase and sentence meanings . Finally , we must interpret the meaning of utterances in the context in which they are made.
What is a morpheme ?
A morpheme is the smallest unit of linguistic meaning that is indivisible , i.e
the word " desire " includes only one morpheme , we can't divide it into parts .
While the word " desirable ' includes two morphemes ( desire ) and ( able )
( -ish , -ly , -dis , -un , -ness , .......... etc ) are called bound morphemes , they include suffixes and prefixes and they can't occur alone, they must be attached to other morphemes to constitute words ; we can't say ( ly ) but we can say ( friendly )
Some Definitions
Semantics : It is the study of the linguistic meaning of morphemes , words , phrases , and sentences .
Lexical Semantics : It is subfield of semantics which is concerned with the meanings of words .
Phrasal Semantics : It is concerned with the meaning of syntactic units larger than the word.
Pragmatics : It is the study of how context affects meaning . E.g : How the sentense " it's cold here " comes to be interpreted as " close the window " in certain situations.
Semantic Properties are information on which speaker of the language agree .
Words can be either content or function . Words like adjectives , verbs , adverbs are called content words.
Function Words : connect the content words together such as prepositions , conjunctions , ....... etc.[/englishtext]
I want from you now to read it once and twice to understand the whole lesson
Good luck
By the way the next lecture will be easier than this so don't worry
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