The following are some general rules that you may find useful
1- Usually, use a gerund after a preposition.
2- Remember that “i” comes always before “e” except after “c”
Receive believe
3- Learn the prefixes and the suffixes – they will help you figure out the meaning of unknown vocabulary.
4- Remember that you cannot have a verb in an –in form without using the verb “to be” as an auxiliary verb; unless the verb is used as a noun or an adjective.
I am working- she was playing-
We have been studying- he had been sleeping
5- Verb “to be” is used as an auxiliary verb only in two ways
A- to make the progressive tense- we are working.
B- to make the passive voice- the bank was robbed.
6- Modals are very special words, each of which has its own meaning; and the past form of a modal does not necessarily mean the past tense.
7- If you use the verb “to have” as an auxiliary verb, the main verb must be in the –en form, the past participle.
I have eaten.
8- In reported speech, when the main verb is past, you must remember to move back all the verbs in the quotes by one degree. This means that in reported speech, all the present tense will be moved to the past tense; all the past tense will be moved to the past perfect tense; and all past perfect tense will stay the same because no tense goes back farther than past perfect.
i.e. She said to her boyfriend: “Why did you come late?”
Notice that verb come is in the past (did…come) then it will have to be moved to past perfect (had come) thus:
She asked her boyfriend why he had come late..9
- Remember that the use of prepositions is strictly cultural and there is no explanation as to why in English we use different proposition than in French, Spanish, Italian or other languages.
10- Learning the nine rules above will make writing a lot easier and a lot more fun
THANKS .....
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